Mental Health Housing And Accommodation Support Initiative

Purpose Background Muir, Fisher, Dadich and Abellà ³ (2008) interviewed people who live with a mental health illness in their case study entitled Challenging the exclusion of people with mental illness: the Mental Health Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative (HASI). The purpose of this case study is to evaluate an individualized supported housing program that provides stable, long-term housing, and community and clinical support to those living with a mental illness (Muir et al., 2008). This program, called the Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative (HASI), is an initiative in New South Wales, Australia (Muir et al., 2008). With the help of health services, housing services, and support agencies, HASI assists those who need support to participate in the community, maintains tenancies, enhances quality of life, and helps in the recovery from mental illness (NSW Health and NSW DoH, 2005 as cited in Muir et al., 2008). In 2002, stage one of HASI provided more than 100 people who live with a mental health issue access to public housing, long-term support for daily living skills, and mental health case management through a coordinated, client-centered approach (Muir et al., 2008). Methods HASI was evaluated in order to determine if the program: enables clients with a mental health illness to participate in the community, sustains tenancies, and improves their mental health; has governance arrangements that support the program; and provides supportive services toShow MoreRelatedHomelessness : The Problem Of Homelessness Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesto acquire safe and secure housing: are without shelter, in temporary accommodation, sharing accommodation with a household or living in uninhabitable housing†, research has also found that there are four categories of homelessness including; without shelter e.g. living on the streets; temporary accommodation which includes accommodation not meant for long term living e.g. overnight shelter or women’s refuges; sharing accommodation which involves temporary accommodation in someone else’s private dwellingRead MoreEssay about Homelessness and mental illness3520 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿ HOMELESSNESS AND MENTAL ILLNESS: THE RELATIONSHIP by [Name] Course name Tutor’s name Institution City/State Date of submission Homelessness and Mental Illness Introduction A housing policy can be thought of as the efforts put in by a given government to transform a housing market(s) for the purposes of achieving social objectives. 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Essay about Utilitarianism or God, do we have to choose

Utilitarianism or God, do we have to choose? During many years that question is being formulated and many scholars had a very difficult time to decide if it was possible to follow God’s will and the principle of utility maximization. The principle of utility maximization was a theory created by John Stuart Mill and presented in his book Utilitarianism (1863). Societies throughout the years have argued that those theories are hard to combine, since Utilitarianism seeks for self-development and God’s teachings seek for community growth. This paper will start with a context on actuality of society, then it will try to clarify what is the Bible view of Utilitarianism by explaining the principle of Utilitarianism, what society has to change†¦show more content†¦It is easy just to look for what is good for us but, is that God’s will? God wants us to follow His principle and succeed, and to do that every single person has to follow also the principle of utility maximization. The principle of Utilitarianis m is â€Å"The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness† (Mill 257). That means that according to a set of rules everything that a certain individual do that would help him to achieve happiness worth. This point has to be understood under a specific view of a society with an already determined moral code since the â€Å"†¦utility maximization, by itself, is incomplete† (Leightner 20). The utility maximization principle is just a component to a successful society and that is why Jesus understood that as an intrinsic characteristic of the human behavior. Jesus knew how hard is sometimes to follow only God’s will and how tempted the human society is to seek for self-realization; therefore society must fight and seek self-realization with the condition that doesn’t distu rbs the main principle of a Christian life: â€Å"Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind† (Matthew 22:37). Thinking about God’s teachings and looking at society today is becoming hard to see God’s teachings; the only thing thatShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism or God, Do We Have to Choose?1614 Words   |  7 PagesUtilitarianism or God, do we have to choose? During many years that question is being formulated and many scholars had a very difficult time to decide if it was possible to follow Gods will and the principle of utility maximization. The principle of utility maximization was a theory created by John Stuart Mill and presented in his book Utilitarianism (1863). Societies throughout the years have argued that those theories are hard to combine, since Utilitarianism seeks for self-development andRead MoreEuthanasia Is The Act Of Killing Someone Painlessly1534 Words   |  7 Pagesa person to choose the option of physician-assisted suicide. Philosophical viewpoints, particularly utilitarianism and the Divine Command Theory, offer two perspectives on euthanasia in the realm of ethics and morality that allow us to understand that although euthanasia is never the preferred option, it should be accessible and permissible. Utilitarianism, as propounded by Jeremy Bentham, is concerned with one ultimate moral â€Å"principle of utility†. This moral principle holds that â€Å"we should alwaysRead MoreThis Paper Will Be Discussing A Character From A Tv Series1511 Words   |  7 Pagesunder the light of different ethical philosophies. The character Dexter Morgan’s actions are looked at differently in each these theories. Actions of Dexter will be talked about in context with many different moral philosophies that includes: Utilitarianism, Economical Ethical Theory Consequentialist Theory, Rights Theory, Processists, and Divine Command Theory. Before discussing the ethical theories and morality behind Dexter, It is necessary to understand the basics of his story. It began whenRead MoreEthical Theories Of Ethical Theory1461 Words   |  6 PagesAlyssa Arias Period 4 Dr. Robertson May 10, 2016 Ethical Theory Throughout Christianity there have been many ethical theories that have contributed in the development of the current ethical theories. Ethical theory is used to help us  ¨do good ¨ and benefit us by creating a solution that is morally correct. 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This theory states that a morally correct being must in all cases do the thing that will give them the best result for their long term being. [1] Ethical Egoism stems from the idea that the self is the most important thing and that an ethical being has a moral obligation to do what is in the self’s best long term interest. Egoism is a normative ethical theory, meaningRead MoreDifference Between Ethical Egoism And Utilitarianism1060 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Egoism vs. Utilitarianism   The concepts  within Ethical Egoism and Utilitarianism show  the way in which they teach people to act in a form that is most moral in society. In order for us to achieve a more ethical society, we must look into the ways that people can change their actions to adjust to needs of the individual or the whole group. Whose needs should be met first in any type of situation is the question that should be determined based on these two ideals. An ethical society is oneRead MoreCommitting Adultery Essays609 Words   |  3 PagesAdultery A marriage is full of moral ethics that should be followed. Kant would have agreed with me that we have moral duties to ones self and others. A marriage is committing moral thoughts, words, and actions to yourself and your spouse. Kant believed in treating other people the way you wish they would treat you. Never treat other people as if they were merely things. The formula of humanity states that we should treat people as an end and never as a means to an end. In committing adulteryRead MoreUtilitarianism Vs. Virtue Ethics999 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Inventory again I found that Utilitarianism and Virtue Ethics are the two areas that made the most persuasive thinking for me. Utilitarianism looks at the consequences and weighs the positives to see if it is going to bring happiness to the greater number. 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Reconstruction in the 20th Century Essay Example For Students

Reconstruction in the 20th Century Essay The beginning of the 20th century was a memorable time in history for the United States. This time period drastically changed our country politically and socially by reform. The Presidents that ruled our country during this era were especially powerful and made many differences, women and African Americans were starting to take a stand, and our country was able to make it all the way through the Great Depression. All of these events that took place in the early 1900s helped our country regain strength and find a balance of its power. The act of reformation, helped to strongly shape America into what it has become today. When the Great Depression hit our country in 1893, we went into an immediate state of pandemonium. People began to think negatively and started to assume that nothing good would ever come out from the 19th century. However, our country was able to pull away from this jaded outlook and get away from the Depression and the mess that it came along with. United States citizens were starting to become interested in new ideas and were hopeful to put them to good use as soon as possible. Many of the people that wanted reform were populists, women, and labor unions. These groups of people hoped to see a difference in society and politics. It was always very difficult for people to agree about politics in the 1900s. Many people wanted to make changes or improvements in the government to promote a stronger democracy. A quote from America in the 20th Century explains how weak the government was at one point in history. Since the Civil War, business influences had dominated government to such an extent that big business practically ran the government (Angel, vol.1). Americans wanted to change the way government worked and allow the people to have more say in things. Several political parties were formed in the early 1900s to promote labor reforms. An example of this would be Eugene Debs who ran for the socialist party and was a strong supporter of labor reform. Socially, women and African Americans were becoming more active across the country. After numerous struggles, the 19th amendment was passed in 1920 to allow women suffrage. If women were never given the chance to vote, our world would be strangely different. Also, the lynching numbers notably decreased from 1900 to 1915 to show that African Americans were not being mistreated as much as before. The reformers that supported the issues of women suffrage and the treatment of African Americans also strived for improvements in living conditions, additional options for educations and changes in industrialization. It is evident that the first two decades of the 20th century made up a very progressive time period in American history. If one was to go back in time and erase the beginning of the 19th century, our country would not be anything like what it is now. This time period helped to shape what the United States is today by taking chances and making differences. Reformers were speaking out for women suffrage and living conditions, political parties were constantly emerging to take sides on important issues, and improvements throughout the country were being accomplished. The reformation that took place between the years of 1900 and 1920 will never be forgotten because of their immense impact on our country today. BIBLIOGRAPHY: -Chapter 23 Notes (The American Journey) -Angel, Ann. America in the 20th Century 1900-1909. 12 vols. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1995. .

The Democratic Peace Theory Merits and Demerits

Introduction Peace is an essential aspect that any country ought to uphold for the better growth and development of the country. However, peace is dictated by the type of regime that a given state has in its leadership. Some countries would prefer a democratic system.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Democratic Peace Theory: Merits and Demerits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Others use the capitalist way of administration, whereas there are a few countries that exercise dictatorship as a form of administration. The democratic peace theory has been argued to support the liberal theory of international relations. However, there is also a thought that the democratic peace theory is a failed form of administration. This paper will discuss the democratic peace theory, its merits and demerits, the reasons for its contribution to the international relation, and the reasons for its rejection by some scholars. Democr atic Peace Theory According to Reiter (2012 p. 1), democratic peace refers to the idea that certain democracies are safe as well as peaceful in other foreign relations. It is the assumption that through democracy, nations will be peaceful with relations that they have with their international allies Democratic peace is anchored on the premise that peace is attainable when elements of negativity are banished from the international sphere (Reiter 2012, p. 3). However, Gobatti claims that it is impossible to have democratic peace or even to study democratic peace theory and its application without mentioning the place that war has in this type of governance (2000, p. 22).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He continues to explain that, many democratic countries are always looking for ways to benefit from other nations at the minimum costs possible. In other words, a democratic country will use international relations to gain maximally from other nations at the least cost implications. Some may, however, decide to enter into some of an agreement that can result in a mutually beneficial situation, says Hobson (2011, p. 1904) Aviles (2005, p. 34) reveals that democracies are less likely to engage in war than other forms of rulership. This can be contributed to the fact that these countries tend to use negotiations while dealing with the international community. Aviles (2005, p. 35) continues to reveal that countries that have not established firm democracies tend to be unstable in terms of peace than countries that do not practice democracy. This is attributed to the fact that the process in which the less democratic country goes through to attain full democracy is commonly characterized by internal wars, where the different communities fight over the limited resources and the hunger and thirst for power (Palan 2000, p. 576). There are two explanations for the democratic peace; the monadic explanation and the dyadic view of democratic peace, says Guadro (2013, p. 6). With a monadic view of democratic peace, there is an assumption that a democratic country will maintain peace with other international communities regardless of whether those foreign communities are of democratic view of peace or not (Douglas 1997, p. 408).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Democratic Peace Theory: Merits and Demerits specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, it holds the thought that, countries do not need to engage in any form of war unless when provoked in the form of an attack; thus, they need to fight back as a way of protection. (Douglas 1997, p. 409). This can be argued as an advantage to the country that practices such a democratic peace position. The reason is that a country that does not believe so much in violence will not invest highly in the military. It will not re cruit as many military personnel as those countries that believe in the power and might of war. As a result, Mousseau (2003, p. 486) admits that the cost implicated in maintaining a small military group and less sophisticated weapons is reduced. This has also been confirmed by Slaughter (1995, p. 720) who says that it is even better to invest heavily in the health and medicine sectors rather than having sophisticated weapons. Such a country will thus shift its focus to other developmental goals that the ruling government has. Examples of such developmental goals would be the improvement in industrialization, tourism, mining, agriculture, among others. On the other hand, this form of democratic peace can be seen a weakness in the country might not be able to rescue itself in the event that there is a serious invasion of a country that has strong military power and highly sophisticated weapons (Chioza, Giacomo Goemans 2011, p. 35). Dyadic democracies are typically associated with var ious European countries, says Ray (1995, p. 68). Also on this list are Canada and the United States of America. According to Gobatti (2000, p. 22), this type of democracy tends to reduce its perseverance in countries that are not considered as more democratic.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In other words, countries in a dyadic form of democracy may engage in war with countries that do not primarily hold onto a democracy from of administration. This is believed to be part of their international relations with the international community. Macmillan (2003, p. 234) admits that, such democracies as dyadic democracy are seen as to support various wars that are fought against non-democratic countries. Liberal Theory in International Relations According to Mousseau (2003, p. 491), international relations can be looked at in three ways. There are the realism approach, institutionalism approach, and the liberal approach to international relations. Slaughter (1995, p. 717) admits that the realist approach to international relations is the widely used approach. It uses the realist nature of events to address to various issues that are affecting the countries in consideration. Mousseau (2003, p. 492) reveals that this approach is anchored on the assumptions that the international community is made up of different states that are unique and governed differently. Therefore, there is no guarantee that the different nations will be in an agreement over any matter should these countries meet to discuss issues affecting them (Mousseau 2003, p. 492). In institutionalism, various aspects of rules and principles are integrated with decision-making, where different nations have to follow certain laid rules and principles as the founding principles of their interaction. This, as explained by Slaughter (1995, p. 719) results in signing of international agreements that govern the way international communities will relate to each other. According to Douglas (1997, p. 410), these agreements require commitments from each country as a violation of the same would lead to sanctions and other far-reaching consequences that are imposed by the country that feels agitated, says Palan (2000, p. 581). Liberalism is the third and the best alternative to both realism and institutional ism approaches to international relation. According to Aviles (2005, p. 46), liberalism is an approach that has attracted different theories that explain its operation, and among the notable ones being the ‘liberal internationalism’ by Wilsonian. According to Chioza, Giacomo and Goemans (2011, p. 40). The main aim of liberalism is to achieve lasting cooperation as well as the peace that would be enjoyed internationally. Chioza et al. (2011, p. 41) add that liberalism also tends to address the various approaches that can be used to achieve international peace. It uses other theories such as the ‘democratic peace theory’, ‘commercial peace theory’, ‘institutional peace theory’, and the ‘international law. Democratic Peace Theory and the Liberal theory in International Relations According to Reiter (2012, p. 10), the democratic peace theory holds the thought that there is no need for war unless the practicing country has been so pressed that there is no other alternative to counter the attack other than to fight back. On the other hand, liberal theory tends to advocate for an international community that is peaceful with increased cooperation, says Hobson (2011, p. 1910). There is a collaboration between what the democratic peace theory hold to and what the liberal theory advocates for, admits Hobson (2011, p. 1911). If nations could resort to the democratic view of administration, then the entire world could be a peaceful place to be, where war is rare and the different nations are united and collaborates in various agendas (Sucharov 2009, p. 6). There are cases where the democratic peace theory has been used to address peace that is advocated for by the liberal theory. According to Chioza et al. (2011, p. 43), the UN General Assembly has in the past called for nations to sign peace agreements and declarations that they would not engage in a war for their selfish reasons, other than when provoked and thei r security threatened. Chioza et al. (2011, p. 41) go on to say that there are quite a considerable number of countries that have agreed to this UN General Assembly requirement on promoting global peace. According to Ray (1995, p. 50) the results have been tremendous. The number of wars against nations has reduced significantly to a point where only wars that are related to the terror attacks and threats are being fought by some of the countries that signed the agreement (Ray 1995, p. 51). Chioza et al. (2011, p. 43) say that among the reasons that makes it possible to intertwine the democratic peace theory with the liberal theory is that many countries are in dire need of peace. Hobson (2011, p. 1914) adds that no country wishes to see its members dying as a result of the war that could have been prevented otherwise. As Palan (2000, p. 583) puts it, in democratic countries, a ruler is re-elected only if he performed according to the expectation of the voters. Palan (2000, p. 583) c ontinues to say that, one of the major determinants of the success of a ruler is the ability to promote peace. Those who are seen as promoting peace are likely to be re-elected back to the office. On the contrary, those who do not seem to promote peace as required for by the voters are normally not re-elected. It is therefore easy to agree with Macmillan (2003, p. 240) who says that democratic peace theory is crucial in promoting international relations as it is peace that is at the heart of any international relations. According to Palan (2000, p. 584), democratic peace encourages economic growth among the countries that practice this form of administration. The economy of any country is dependent on the political stability of a country. Aviles (2005, p. 50) agrees with this as he is quoted as saying that in a country that is marred by war, then the establishment of industries is hampered, people no longer go to their places of work and are instead made to flee to safer places. Hou ses are burnt with businesses looted. To this effect, the economic development of such countries is staggering (Aviles 2005, p. 50). On the contrary, in a country where the political field is stable, then there are hardly wars that are reported to emanate from such a country. New industries will be established, jobs will be created, no houses will be burnt and no businesses will be looted. As a result, the economic growth of such a nation will grow at a higher rate because of the efforts that are made by the stakeholders. Therefore, this explains why the democratic peace theory promotes the liberal theory of international relations. Countries that practices democratic peace will have its economy stable and can even collaborate with other countries to promote peace at an international platform (Aviles 2005, p. 52). Another reason that explains why the democratic peace theory is necessary for supporting liberal theory of international relations is the fact that in a democratic country , leaders tend to listen to what the public is saying (Slaughter 1995, p. 739). If the public is not heard, then the leaders in such a nation are assured of being ousted from power especially during general elections. To this effect, many leaders in democratic nations promote peace and economic growth because they would not love to see themselves out of power soon. Mousseau (2003, p. 505) reports that leaders in democratic nations tend to come together to promote what their public desires. Given that a majority of the public in democratic nations want peace, then the liberal theory of a peaceful world can be realized. It is possible to come to terms with anyone who has the same goals and ambitions as yours. Similarly, it is possible for nations that have the same goals come together and unite for the achievement of those shared goals. This is the case with democratic nations. Hobson (2011, p. 1920) says that democratic countries tend to have common interests. This unites them even m ore and thus there is the promotion of peace. Douglas (1997, p. 413) claims that democratic nations promote what can be termed as a transnational community. This is to mean that although these nations have their policies that govern them, they tend to embrace what other nations believe and the way that the leadership in that country carries out its authoritative operation. Douglas (1997, p. 413) adds that there is the high possibility that democratic communities will promote each other in terms of culture, especially during the times of national calamities. This can be supported by the reality that many democratic nations have the tendency to promote the tourism sector of their democratic like countries. Also, it is possible to witness several democracies offerings to assist other democratic countries in times of calamities as floods, earthquakes, and tsunamis. This is the exact promotion of transnational community. On the other hand, there are those who feel that democratic peace t heory do not in any way contribute to the international relation that is attributed to international peace. Douglas (1997, p. 413) reveals that such people hold the thought that it is the capitalist way of doing things that contributes to enhanced international relations rather than democratic peace. Douglas continues to say that such activities as market growth and increased trade among nations are the driving forces of peace. Such schools of thought maintain that nations with a capitalist way of administration are more likely to enter into collaboration with other countries in an effort to strengthen trade ties. It is this kind of collaboration that promotes international relation and not democratic peace, claims. Another reason that is given in opposition to the contribution of democratic peace to the international relation is the fact that some leaders are naturally secretive. Douglas (1997, p. 414) says that such leaders are not willing to engage with other nations as they thin k that in so doing, then their administrative system might be at risk. Douglas admits that, the secrecy among such leaders could be due to their cruel way of rulership or simply because they have a military approach of rulership where one’s secrets are not supposed to be given to the opposing side. These types of leaders make it difficult to promote international relations through democratic peace. Douglas (1997, p. 413) adds to the reasons that do not support the contribution of democratic peace to the fact that wars against nations are not necessarily caused by the kind of regime that is applied by the ruling leaders. He says that wars on nations are mainly due to the perspective of the individuals that are in power. Whether or not a country will go to war against another country will depend on the decisions of the few selected individuals that are at the centre of leadership. Conclusion Democratic peace theory holds the thought that it is possible for nations to coexist wi thout the need to engage in a war. In a democratic nation, war is not the first option to seek for attention from the international community. However, there are two types of democracies; monadic and dyadic forms of democracies. In a monadic democracy, there is the assumption that that the democratic country will remain peaceful to all countries without considering their view and support of the democratic regime. In a dyadic democracy, the democratic nation tends to support attacks to nations that seem to oppose democracy. There is a good contribution that democratic peace theory makes to the support of the liberal theory of international relations. Leaders in a democratic nation tend to listen to what the public is saying regarding certain issues as a way of engaging the masses. The leaders are compelled to support peace with the international community rest they be ousted from power in a general election. Most of the democratic regimes share the same interests. This explains why m any of the democratic nations join hands in support of the international collaboration and unity. On the other hand, some people hold the thought that the democratic peace theory does not necessarily lead to better international relations compared to the capitalist way if the administration is to be credited for such relations. List of References Aviles, W 2005, ‘The democratic-peace thesis and U.S. relations with Colombia and Venezuela’, Latin American Perspectives, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 33-59. Chiozza, G Goemans, HE 2011, Leaders and international conflict, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Cuadro, M 2014, ‘Democracy, intervention and liberal strategy’, The Economist, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 3-8. 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Wendt, A 1999, Social theory of international politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK Widmaier, WW 2005, ‘The democratic peace is what states make of it: a constructivist analysis of the US–Indian ‘NearMiss’ in the 1971 South Asian crisis’, European Journal of International Relations, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 431–455. This essay on The Democratic Peace Theory: Merits and Demerits was written and submitted by user Haleigh Mendoza to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.