Spirituality 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Otherworldliness 4 - Essay Example Albeit humane consideration giving stands apart as an acknowledged social duty of the medical attendants, the training opposes proficient morals and necessities for wellbeing laborers. This article investigates empathy weakness structure a processional and moral point of view. Medical caretakers and different parental figures frequently end up in a quandary concerning the consideration they have to provide for patients and their own government assistance. Despite the fact that wellbeing laborers have a decent understanding on the idea of human body its requirements for rest and sound ways of life, they are limited by social and expert obligations (Joinson, 2007). Such obligations compel them to disregard their own needs. In spite of the fact that sympathy exhaustion is a significant issue among wellbeing laborers, most wellbeing experts neglect the issue. As indicated by Kottler (2005), the primary motivation behind why medical caretakers ignore empathy weakness is that they have gotten used to the issue making them to bargain with the exhaustion. A meeting directed on attendants working in California clinic set up that most medical caretakers utilized medicine to make them remain conscious for extended periods. The review additionally settled that most medical attendants had unpredictable resting periods because of remaining task at hand or a craving to offer empathy administrations for their patients. This shows wellbeing laborers need to have a solid foundation on sympathy exhaustion side effects. Sympathy weariness side effects are indistinguishable from those of posttraumatic stress. Not at all like posttraumatic stress, sympathy exhaustion indications depend on injury. This shows they directly affect the patient’s life and that the effects can be exhibited promptly by their presentation and conduct (Kottler, 2005). The fundamental ideas of sympathy weariness are enthusiastic, psychological, otherworldly substantial and conduct. These ideas convert into side effects and cautioning signs that portray the condition. Standard

Argument Synthesis Essay Topics

Argument Synthesis Essay TopicsArgument synthesis essay topics may include arguments in support of your essay topic or they may be arguments that show support for the opposing argument. Your essay topics can be anything you want them to be, just remember that they are there for a reason. It is a good idea to be aware of what each of your essay topics do so that you can create them easily.First of all, when you use essay topics, you must have an objective for writing them. The reason is that you want to make sure that you are providing a detailed and fair write up for your essay topic. For example, if you are writing about a point you believe that you are wrong about, you will need to provide some evidence that shows that you are correct.In order to set out a strong argument that will persuade the reader, you should try to include specifics and facts that have been verified. Keep in mind that you will not be able to prove all of your points but you will be able to support them with ev idence and research. Research is one of the best arguments when it comes to essay topics.An argument for an essay topic will generally consist of several points. However, there are some basic types of essays that you can write about and the major differences will be related to the subject matter. You can write an essay on economics or history and both will come with certain types of topics. However, one thing to keep in mind is that the topics will be more about a subject rather than the basic form of the essay.The main differences in the two are in the use of the thesis statement and the analysis. The thesis statement is something that you will use to establish the overall theme of the essay. The thesis statement will be primarily about the arguments you use in order to prove your point, though. As a result, it will become the basis for the argument for the essay.The analysis is the part of the essay that usually comes last when it comes to the thesis statement. As a result, the an alysis will be the most difficult part to write. It is also important to note that the analysis will not usually contain too many details and facts. It is a very simple process that only requires a few different points to back up.Argument essay topics can be easily created by using the different points of the thesis statement as your basis. Of course, if you have done your research well, then you will know what a good argument is and what is not. You can include an analysis in the essay that supports the facts and figures you present as well as support for any other facts that you will need to present in order to prove your point.Another thing to keep in mind is that when it comes to thesis statements, you should always remember that they are different from arguments. Arguments are used to support the thesis statement and this will not work well in argument synthesis essay topics. Essay topics are much better because they are based on research and facts. Of course, you should use yo ur own personal opinion and logic in order to support your statement rather than stating the facts.

Fire Control Project Overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Fire Control Project Overview - Essay Example This task emerged from a report which the legislature appointed having been raised by the administration, building just as advancement consultancy which was distributed in April 2000. The end from the report was that most extreme productivity could be accomplished if the quantity of control rooms could be decreased from current 46 (as around then) to just 9 local control rooms. The goal of the venture being to guarantee network wellbeing by giving vital system to the Fire and Rescue administrations (FRSs) just as different organizations which would forestall and react to crises as they emerged. The advantages that would gather from the undertaking were expanded strength. For this situation by utilizing the versatile organized innovation, staff in any RCC would have the option to answer calls inside any piece of the nation. Furthermore, the venture would incorporate all administrations by utilization of new hazard the executives apparatuses which had the capacity to send authority types of gear. This would require presentation of a typical call taking care of, process activation, innovation and preparing which would ensure consistency across different districts. The correspondence framework would likewise be changed to be information based rather that voice which would be promptly open through the MDTs. This would thus guarantee more noteworthy fire and salvage administrations capacities (Great 2010, p.30). Degree of Failure Originally, every fr had its own nearby control room accused of the duty of taking care of its own crises. All the 46 control rooms were free with each utilizing various degrees of innovation, organize limits and furthermore their own back-up courses of action. The test looked by the control rooms was the expanded number of calls and levels that surpassed the nearby control room. This caused the calls to be moved to an alternate FRS or police control room. By utilizing the police control room, data would then be sent back to the neighborhood control room utilizing phone, radio or fax machine. Because of the way that diverse control rooms utilized distinctive innovation levels and variable quality, this made the exchange procedure hard for the FRSs to adequately back one another up. This came about to the nearby control rooms being overflowed henceforth being difficult to adapt utilizing the present innovation to deal with the high volume of calls which at that point brought about long lines or even lost calls. This was another case of a Government IT anticipate in which it was engrossing expanding assets yet never accomplishing the targets at first set. The fundamental balanced governance done at the beginning periods of the task were incapable. This was because of the way that endorsement of the task was done dependent on unreasonable quotes just as under-valuation for the IT intricacy that should have been included. This caused the undertaking to be actualized in a rush with poor administration. The Communities and Local Government Select Committee after intently inspecting the venture trust that the undertaking ought to go live by mid-2011 if there is a concession to a reasonable task plan. The acknowledgment of the above has been put on significant hazard because of the accompanying. Explanations behind disappointment Project Environment There are a few issues that at last prompted the defeat of the said venture which in the event that they had been taken care of before would have made the task a total achievement and be finished on schedule. Disappointment by the Department to adequately boost Fire and R escue Services The Fire and Rescue specialists were under no lawful commitment to utilize the local control communities once finished. Notwithstanding this, the division flopped in its order by not conveying the advantages to be accumulated by moving to the local structure. The Department accused of the

Earning Your Graduate Degree Online 2019

Online graduate education degrees come in all shapes and colors. It behooves the student to assess his/her own interests first; then to assess the strengths of the institutions from which one hopes to get a degree whether it be statistical, special ed, etc.; and to look for an educational program which can best fulfill those goals. One should also check state licensing requirements (information on licensing requirements and approved teacher training institutions are available from local school systems and state departments of education). Another consideration to keep in mind before determining which online institution to choose, of course, is the age group one wishes to teach. All public school teachers must be licensed to teach a specific age group, usually by the State Board of Education (it is not required in private schools, necessarily). Specific age groups are normally divided into preschool to early childhood grades; elementary grades; middle grades; and secondary. However, categories such as special subjects (i.e., music or reading) may determine the license category. Exceptions abound, one is quick to learn, depending on the area in which one wishes to teach, the subject matter, or the reciprocity agreements arranged between various states. .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53:active, .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ucb2bead7d095a41dbf20a49b526bfe53:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Missouri Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus Based Education in Missouri, the Show Me StateAccording to the U.S. Department of Labor, one can be very optimistic about the opportunities for teachers. The percentage of teachers working over forty-five years of age in 2004 is slightly less than 50 percent; therefore, it is expected a large number of teachers will retire within the next ten years. Teacher shortages should grow, particularly in poor, urban schools. Also, enrollment in the next ten years is expected to rise, especially in the West. Being mobile and licensed in more than one subject will only add to ones marketability. Be aware, too, that qualified teachers in such subjects as mathematics, science, bilingual education, and foreign languages will be especially scarce. Adequate numb ers of qualified teachers in such fields as general elementary education, physical education and social studies education already exist and should be avoided. Teaching prospects will no doubt improve overall and it seems a very good time to consider the field as a sensible career choice, aside from just the fact that one might feel especially dedicated to the profession. .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f:active, .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue78e9bbdd22bdb64384376a9738faf2f:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ The Fast Growing Career of IT SupportInterestingly, average 2004 yearly earning estimates compare favorably with other professions. The following are figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics which can be broken down by levels taught: Kindergarten: $44,940 Elementary school: $46,350 Middle school: $47,170 Secondary school: $48,980 For whatever reason one aspires to be an educator, it seems entirely possible to attain ones goals fairly easily due to the technology we accept as commonplace and the burgeoning number of degree programs offered by online institutions. The marriage of education and technology makes perfect sense both for your own education as well as the education you may one day offer students in your classroom. Related ArticlesEarly Childhood Education Teaching CertificationMasters Degrees in Education OnlineFind Online Education and Teaching Degree ProgramsThe Path to Teaching A Bachelors Degree in EducationUse the Internet to Attain a Masters Degree in TeachingFind Education and Teaching Degree Programs .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4:active, .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4 { transition: bac kground-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u495baa65f4d4313c414e6a890c9ff2c4:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Getting a Paralegal Degree Online

Comparison Between “The Cask of Amontillado” and “The...

Edgar Allan Poe is known for some of the most horrifying stories ever written through out time. He worked with the natural world, animals, and weather to create chilling literature. Two most notable thrillers are â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† and â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†. Poe was infatuated with death, disfigurement, and dark characteristics of the world. He could mix characters, setting, theme,and mood in a way that readers are automatically drawn into reading. Both of these short stories have the same major aspects in common. The narrators in both works prove to be similar in several ways. In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† the story is told through a psycho narrator; both stories contain apparent psychological imbalances within their story tellers, â€Å"†¦show more content†¦How murder first came to enter the narrators mind is unknown. There was no real motive as said: â€Å"Object there was none... I loved the old man. He had never wronged me...â₠¬  (884.) The narrator states that the old mans eye was a pale blue color with film over it, resembling a vulture. The narrator insists that he is not insane however his repeating of this, and his actions, contradict one another. Being so threatened by the old mans eye, the killer attacks his master at night, cuts up his body and buries it beneath the floor boards. Although the old man had sensed his killer in his bedroom, he was too terrified to run for his life. The fact that the narrator kills this innocent old man because of his eye is proof enough he suffers from psychological imbalance To further the evidence that the narrator is, he continues to hear the mans heart beat beneath the floor boards. Although it seems as if it is his own heart beating, he automatically assumes the old mans heart is haunting his mind. The characters are what play the key role in this short story. The killer is suffering from insanity, which he believes is the cause of the evil eye. The old man is never really developed within the story, just known he is innocent and has never wronged his killer. The old man could just represent an innocence who is opposite of a murderers mind. Within the whole plot the characters unfold an unsettling dark theme for the story; a cold hearted killer and a loving old man with anShow MoreRelated Atmosphere of Terror and Suspense in Gothic Literature Essay4335 Words   |  18 Pagesmystery, ghosts, haunted houses, castles, darkness, death, decay and madness. The three gothic texts I will be analyzing are ?The Tell-Tale Heart/ by Edgar Alan Poe, ?The Red Room? by H.G. Wells and ?The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Alan Poe. I will be concentrating on the language used and their structure and characterization. The Tell-Tale Heart is the first-person narrative of an unnamed character that is taking care of an old man with a clouded eye. His feverishly heightened sensesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1073 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Ha! Would a madman have been so wise as this†. Edgar Allan Poe is an American poet and writer who creates imaginative stories to entice the reader. The narrator of Poe’s â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart†, an unstable man who tries to convince himself and the readers otherwise, is similar to the main character of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, who is also psychotic. Both narrators have a dark side which contributes to Poe’s sinister style. Poe integrates an ominous setting and characters to create a dramatic effectRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado, By Edgar Allan Poe1776 Words   |  8 Pagespurpose of the short stories â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, â€Å"El Tonto del Barrio†, and â€Å" Cathedral† is to explore the concepts of prominence in religion driven by symbolism, characterization, and theme used to manipulated the reader’s analytical views. Christianity plays an imperative role on all three short stories by the author’s through their descriptive scenarios symbolizing a religious ideology. Edgar Allan Poe’s use of religion as a hidden message in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† is portrayed through the ambianceRead More Edgar Allan Poes Writing Essay2378 Words   |  10 Pagespart of the poem, the narrator cherishes hope of getting contact with his lost lover, just like Poe wishes to see all his lost loved ones especially his wife. Then in the middle of the poem, the narrator asks, â€Å"Is there--is there balm in Gilead?--tell me--tell me I implore!/ Quoth the raven, Nevermore (Poe). The narrator asks the raven if there is balm in Gilead, or basically if Lenore exists in the afterlife. However, the raven rejects his supplica tions and repeats the word â€Å"nevermore,† which meansRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesresolved is one within the protagonist’s psyche or personality. External conflict may reflect a basic opposition between man and nature (such as in Jack London’s famous short story â€Å"To Build a Fire† or Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†) or between man and society (as in Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Man Who Was Almost a Man†). It may also take the form of an opposition between man and man (between the protagonist and a human adversary, the antagonist), as, for example, in most detective fiction. Internal

Free Trade Blocs, A Major Step Towards Economic Integration

Free Trade Blocs Free trade blocs are intergovernmental agreements that limit regional barriers to trade by integrating different economies. The four types of trade blocs are Preferential Trade Area, Free Trade Area, Customs Union, and Common Market. The specific trade blocs included in this analysis are Mercosur, North American Free Trade Agreement, European Union. Preferential Trade Area (PTA) is when countries in the same geographical region agree to eliminate or reduce tariff barriers on certain goods. Similar to PTA, the Free Trade area is when two or more countries agree to eliminate or reduce barriers to trade and freely import and export goods between each other. Members of a trade bloc who remove trade barriers internally, while imposing a uniform tariff on non-member countries is an example of a Customs Union. Members of a Customs Union will come together and negotiate tariff regulations with countries outside their bloc. One of the most comprehensive trade blocs is the Com mon Market. A Common Market is a major step towards economic integration. In a Common Market, bloc member countries are able to trade all economic resources without restraint. While other types of trade blocs primarily free up the trading of goods and services, the Common Market frees the flow of capital and labor between member nations. Also in the Common Market bloc tariffs and non-tariff barriers are removed, increasing free trade activity. Nations that belong to a Common Market must haveShow MoreRelatedRegional Trading Blocs2360 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION : A regional trading bloc is a group of countries within a geographical region that protect themselves from imports from non-members. Trading blocs are a form of economic integration, and increasingly shape the pattern of world trade. In general terms, regional trade blocks are associations of nations at a governmental level to promote trade within the block and defend its members against global competition. Defense against global competition is obtained through establishedRead MoreGlobalization and Its Meaning Broadly Speaking, the Term ‘Globalization’ Means Integration of Economies and Societies Through Cross Country Flows of Information, Ideas, Technologies, Goods, Services, Capital,1074 Words   |  5 Pagesspeaking, the term ‘globalization’ means integration of economies and societies through cross country flows of information, ideas, technologies, goods, services, capital, finance and people. Cross border integration can have several dimensions – cultural, social, political and economic. In fact, some people fear cultural and social integration even more than economic integration. The fear of â€Å"cultural hegemony† haunts many. Limiting ourselves to economic integration, one can see this happen throughRead MoreRegional Trading Blocs : The Eu And Asean ( Association Of Southeast Asian Nations )2511 Words   |  11 Pagesis to compare and contrast two regional trading blo cs: the EU and ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) and also to discuss and analyse the implications for the marketing managers that operate in these blocs. Schott (1991) defines a trading block as a type of intergovernmental agreement that aims to reduce regional barriers to trade for the participating states. This report will look at the similarities and differences between the two blocs in the first part, with the second part lookingRead More The European Union (EU) vs the North American Free Trade Agreement2961 Words   |  12 PagesThe European Union (EU) vs the North American Free Trade Agreement Introduction The European Union (EU) is the organization which integrates the countries listed below, both politically and economically. It is a customs union, which is an agreement amongst a group of countries to eliminate trade barriers between them on the movement of goods, services, labor and capital, and also to establish a common external tariff on goods and services coming into the union. The EU evolved from the EuropeanRead More How NAFTA has affected the financial service industries in the United States, Canada, and Mexico1696 Words   |  7 Pages The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was enacted in November of 1993 with aims to facilitate the free flow of goods, services and labor between the United States, Canada and Mexico. The ratification of NAFTA created the world’s largest free market with roughly 390 million consumers and an estimated total output of $8.6 trillion. Clearly, this trade alliance has had a major influence on the financial service industries of the participating nations and will continue to do so in the futureRead MoreAustralia s Support For Free Trade1679 Words   |  7 Pagespromote free trade - in order to stimulate greater industrial efficiency and to lower the prices of imported consumer, intermediate and capital goods. In its entirety, average tariff levels in Australia have continued to drop in recent years – falling from 9% in 1944 to 1.3% in 2014, highlighting Australia’s support for free trade on a global level. Australia has also been continually involved in multilateral agreements, such as the WTO. Despite these steps taken towards liberalised trade, AustraliaRead MoreFins2622 Notes6832 Words   |  28 PagesREGIONAL  ECONOMIC  INTEGRATION   The  Political  Economy  of  Free  Trade   ï  ® Free  Trade:  David  Ricardo  (support  free  trade)  Ã‚   o Theory  of  comparative  advantage:  For  two  nations  without  input  factor  mobility,   specialisation  and  trade  could  result  in  increased  total  output  and  lower  costs   than  if  each  nation  tried  to  produce  in  isolation.  Ã‚   ï‚ § Both  nations  can  benefit  from  trade  if  each  specialises  in  good  that  they   have  the  lowest  opportunity  cost,  even  if  one  economy  is  more  efficient  in   making  everythingRead MoreFrench Foreign Minister Robert Schuman1398 Words   |  6 Pagesestablishment of the European Economic Community after the proposal were realized in the European Coal and Steel Community. The Schuman Declaration of May 1950 was a legal proposal to create a new form of organization of states in Europe called supranational community. After the Second World War, a conflict that had nearly destroyed the continent and the split it between two spheres of influence. In a desire not to repeat such destruction, there was a great deal of momentum towards European co-operationRead MoreEuropean Union: Benefits of a Free Market, Borderless Economy1941 Words   |  8 PagesZooming in on the Economic Developments in the European UnionIn the globalizing world, it is but logical that most trade groups contain countries in the same area of the world to offer trade agreements to obtain mutual benefits. Neighboring countries tend to ally for several reasons:†¢The distances that goods need to travel between such countries is short. †¢Consumers tastes are likely to be similar, and distribution channels can be easily established in adjacent countries. †¢Neighboring countriesRead MoreLecture Notes on Imf7903 Words   |  32 Pagesinternational monetary cooperation, facilitate the expansion of trade, and thus, to contribute towards increased employment and improved economic conditions in all member countries. 1. To promote international monetary cooperation through a permanent institution which provides the machinery for consultation and collaboration on international monetary problems. 2. To facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade and to contribute thereby to the promotion and maintenance

Trends Of Purchasing And Supply Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Trends Of Purchasing And Supply Management? Answer: Introduction Supply chain management is the regulation of information and finances as they move in a process from the supplier to the consumer. It involves coordination of these movements within and amongst companies. The main objective of a supply chain management is to reduce inventory. This technology has been embraced in today businesses to identify, get, share and predict events and transactions to translate into useful information to e used in management. This report is based on Wall Mart. This will entail providing an overview of the business, Supply chain/logistics management from the source to the customers, the linkage between Wal-Mart activities and theories in the supply chain (Modern operations management) and explanation of sustainability throughout the chain. Overview of Wal-Mart Wal-Mart occupies the highest position in the world's largest retailer. In the fiscal year 2012, the company produced $446,950 million revenues (4-traders, 2017). Just like most large retail companies, Wal-Mart has both online and offline business. However, most of its revenues are generated from the five types of physical stores; discount store, Sam's club, supercenters, Wal-Mart Express and outlets like a neighborhood market. Started by Sam Walton, the company had its first store in Rogers, 1962. By 2012, it had developed to more than 10, 000 retail outlets in 27 countries (4-traders, 2017). Although various parameters can be used to measure and explain Wal-Mart's growth, its success is often attributed to efficient supply management initiatives (Seuring, 2013). For example, in 2012, a report compiled by the company showed that its distribution cost was 1.7%of the cost of sales (4-traders, 2017). This figure is twice less of its competitors like K Mart and Sears. They have 3.5% and 5% cost of sales respectively. Wal-Mart Supply Chain Management/Logistics According to Supply Chain Digest, Wal-Mart is a true definition logistical and operational triumph. It stocks products made in more than 70 countries. Moreover, it manages inventory worth $32 million and operates more than 11,000 stores at any time in 27countries (Gilmour, 2013).This shows how having an effective supply chain management strategy has been the backbone for Wal-Mart. Thus, this section provides the company's supply chain activities in three categories; procurement and distribution, logistics management and inventory management. Procurement and Distribution To reduce purchasing cost and provide the best prices to customers, Wal-Mart directly procures goods from manufacturers thus bypassing all intermediaries. The company is known for being a good negotiator. It only decides to procure goods from a particular manufacturer when it is certain that no other manufacturer is offering the same product at a lower price (Ellram, 2013). In an interview, Claude Harris explained the reason Wal-Mart is tough on negotiating (4-traders, 2017). He said that when bargaining and negotiating, they always have the customer in mind. They know vendors have their limit but want the most out of negotiations (Ward, 2016). Therefore, they ensure that the negotiation result to the best customer prices. Wal-Mart uses EDI, computer software for procurement purposes. It connects the company's systems with suppliers'. This enables suppliers to access Wal-Mart purchase orders including store-to-store information (Wynstra, 2013). After that, the suppliers distribute ship the required goods to distribution centers. Logistics Management Wal-Mart logistics infrastructure is widely known for being fast and responsive. With more than 3500 company-owned trucks, they can distribute goods within a short period. To ensure efficiency in this phase, the company hires only experienced drives that have driven for 300,000 miles without being involved in an accident (4-traders, 2017). The main strategy implemented by Wal-Mart in logistics management is Cross-docking. This method has helped it replenish inventory efficiently. It entails the direct transfer of goods and products from inbound or outbound truck trailers without extra storage (Heffner, 2014). Meaning, an incoming semi-trailer truck or railroad car is directly unloaded into outbound trucks, rail cars or trailers without in-between storage. The diagram below retrieved from https://www.walmart.com illustrates the cross-docking strategy. Normally, suppliers deliver goods to Walmart's distribution centers first. Then they are cross-docked and delivered to the company's stores. This strategy of logistics management has enabled Wal-Mart to keep transportation and inventory costs low, eliminate inefficiencies and reduce the time taken to transport goods (Aykin, 2016). Similarly, cross-docking strategy enables products to be transported from suppliers to warehouses. Here, they are shipped to Wal-Mart stores without taking long in inventory. Warehousing is the process of organizing, assorting and storing finished goods or materials (Gilmour, 2013). The process involves the utilization of warehouses; local storage for inbound materials before manufacture/ assembly (Ritala, 2014). Warehouses could also be used to store outbound product prior to shipment to customer (Wynstra, 2013).Unlike the common assumption that warehouses are used for storage only; Wal-Mart uses the process to break bulk. That is, they take large deliveri es from a single source, split, and then recombine them into customer order of different product types (Soltani et al., 2011).They can also be used to provide buffer; the quick unloading of large and low-frequency deliveries is then delivering them at a high frequency to customers (Ellram, 2013). Inventory Management To merchandise inventories and track sales in its stores, Wal-Mart has heavily invested in Information System. In 1983, the company created its satellite communication system. This enabled stores to manage stock, mark prices and reduce pack sizes (Souza, 2013). This reduced the overall inventory levels and increased room for products commonly ordered by customers. Each employee at the stores is given a Magic Wand' to keep track of inventories and deliveries (4-traders, 2017). This is a hand-held computer that uses radio frequency terminals to link in-store terminals. Apart from tracking inventories and deliveries, it also tracks backup merchandise within the distribution centers. The Point Of Sale (POS) system is used for store replenishment of goods and order management. This is a type of information system that enables one to track store inventory levels and trends (Sanders, 2016). This technology led the company to introduce voice-based order filling in 1998. It guided staff to order locations. Another important aspect of inventory management is a movement of goods within the store. To enable faster location of and replenishment of goods, the company uses the link system. Although it was costly to build it ($4 billion), it has enabled the company to track details of transactions per day (Sanders, 2016). The link system was improved into the Internet enabled Supply chain Management system with features of Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (Christopher, 2016). Apart from enabling tracking of inventory, it also allows Wal-Mart and suppliers to determine product demand forecasting jointly. Modern Operations Management Wal-Mart organization draws its success from using modern forms of operations to carry out business activities. This makes it appropriate to apply the concept of modern operation management on it. There are four theories involved in this concept; Business Process Redesign, (BPR), Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems, six sigma and lean manufacturing. Therefore, this section provides explanations of two of the theories (BPR and RMS) and their link to Wal-Mart's supply chain management. Formulated in 1993, BPR is a strategy that analyzes and designs workflow and business process within the company. This helps to restructure it by providing a flow of business processes from ground to top level (Kahkonen, 2011). Business analysts claim that BPR invention was a necessary element in business models and it has enabled the establishment of a link in organizational structure, tasks, people, and technology. This statement could not be any truer at Wal-Mart. The organization is using information systems like VOF and CPRF to establish communication long the supply chain to the end customer. Similarly, Reconfigurable manufacturing system is a cost-effective strategy that enables businesses to stay on par with competitors in the global market regardless of varying market demand and economic pressures. It rapidly adjusts changes in product functionality and capacity. This enables businesses to produce multiple products hence meeting demand. For example, through the use of Wal-Mart retail link system, suppliers can track product performance, calculate demand and inventory levels (4-traders, 2017). Wal-Mart applies Both BPR and RMS to enable effectiveness and productivity in the business. Using these systems ensure easier tracking of inventory size and determine a gap in supply. Also, they enable forecasting by tracking consumer-buying trends. Sustainability throughout the value chain Wal-Mart is committed to the protection and sustainability of the environment. This ensures that all products are produced and distributed using methods that have the least impact on the environment. Sustainability at Wal-Mart begins at the point of opportunity identification. The diagram below shows the opportunity identification process. In selecting their products, the company considers the whole value chain. This enables it to reduce costs b evaluating the end-to-end supply chain. Moreover, they coordinate with other organizations like NGOs to establish social and environmental issues in products. According to The Sustainability Consortium (TSC), the hotspots for environmental and social issues in products are dominant from the manufacturer down to the consumer (4-traders, 2017). Therefore, the organization partners with big businesses to determine the issues. This involves using various tools like the Sustainability index. It outlines an overview of environmental and social practices and outcomes across a wide range of products. The following figure shows Wal-Mart Sustainability index retrieved from https://www.walmart.com. Table showing Wal-Mart Sustainability Index PRODUCT CATEGORIES Measurement and Transparency Environmental Impact Affordable and healthier Dignity of workers Produce CDP Supply Chain Block chain pilot Upstream and downstream food waste Sustainable packaging design Food safety Nutrition education Easy healthier choice Promoting responsible sourcing Labor conditions improvements Training farmers Meat Diary Brazilian beef monitoring Sustainable beef and dairy Dairy and beef deforestation Responsible antibiotic use Animal welfare Sea food Sustainable sea food Addressing human trafficking in sea food Packaged food Great for labeling Palm oil deforestation Fertilizer optimization Sourcing sustainability Friendly recycling labels Reformulating food Consumable Chemical Ingredient Disclosure Pulp paper deforestation Palm oil deforestation Optimizing packaging Sustainable chemistry Apparel Factory energy efficiency Waste and energy used in mills Safer working conditions General Merchandise Product efficiency Fertilizer optimization Sourcing sustainability Optimizing packaging In the Index above, it is easy to know that Wal-Mart's concerted efforts in ensuring the safety of products to users, workers, and environment. In conclusion, this study was based on Wal-Mart. It is the world's largest retail shop. Instead of using intermediaries, the company sources for products directly from vendors, distribute to its stores through a strategy called cross-docking. Wal-Mart supply chain is made up of sourcing and distribution, logistics management and inventory management. To enable efficiency and workflow, the company uses CPRF and VOF systems. Similarly, the company uses Sustainability Index to assess social and environmental issues related to vendors' products and their activities. In the Index above, it is easy to know that Wal-Marts concerted efforts in ensuring safety of products to users, workers and environment. In conclusion, this study was based on Wal-Mart. It is the worlds largest retail shop. Instead of using intermediaries, the company sources for products directly from vendors, distribute to its stores through a strategy called cross-docking. Wal-Mart supply chain is made up of sourcing and distribution, logistics management and inventory management. To enable efficiency and work flow, the company uses CPRF and VOF systems. Similarly, the company uses Sustainability Index to assess social and environmental issues related to vendors products and their own activities. References 4-traders. (2017, 7 11). Wal Mart Stores: Enhancing the Walmart Sustainability Value Chain. Retrieved September 18, 2017, from 4-traders: https://www.m4traders.com Aykin, N. (2016). Usability and internalization of information technology. CRC Press. Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Ellram, L. (2013). Offshoring, reshoring and the manufacturing location decision. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 3-10. Gilmour, P. ( 2013). Benchmarking supply chain operations. Physical Distribution Logistics Management, 123-135. Heffner, C. (2014, August 21). Classical and Operant Conditioning. Retrieved September 26, 2016, from Allpsych: https://www.allpsych.com Kahkonen, A.-K. (2011). Conducting a case study in supply management. OSCM Journal, 31-41. Ritala, J. V. (2014). Service Chain Risk Management. Operations and Supply Management, 114-120. Sanders, N. (2016). How to Use Big Data to Drive Your Supply Chain. California Management Review, 26-48. Seuring, S. (2013). A review of modeling approaches for sustainable supply chain management. Decision support systems, 1513-1520. Souza, G. (2013). Closed?Loop Supply Chains: A Critical Review, and Future Research. Decision Sciences, 7-38. Ward, P. J. (2016). The Strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy . John Wiley Sons. Wynstra, F. (2013). Past, Present and Future Trends of Purchasing and Supply Management: An Extensive Literature Review. A Review and Outlook. A Journey through Manufacturing and Supply Chain, 199-228.